우리나라 산업용 에너지수요에 관한 연구

• 영문명: A Study on the Energy Demand in the Korean Manufacturing Industy
• 발행기관: 인하대학교 산업경제연구소
• 저자명: 박희천
• 간행물 정보: 『경상논집』경상논집 제11집 제2호, 39~82쪽, 전체 44쪽
• 주제분류: 경제경영 > 경제학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1997.10.01

영문 초록

The reduction of the energy consumption by improving the energy efficiency is a major issue in the CO₂ mitigation policy. Such a policy requires a profound knowledge in the energy consumption by individual economic activity. The manufacturing industry consuming about 51% of the final energy is by far the largest energy consuming economic sector in Korea. As detailed information on the energy efficiency in manufacturing sub-sectors and processes are mostly missing in Korea, the manufacturing industry's energy consumption is analysed only at sub-sectoral level such as metal, chemical, paper & pulp, cement industries etc. This paper applies first a decomposition method as to analyse factors influencing the increase in the energy consumption in nine manufacturing sub-sectors for the period 1981 to 1996. The analysis decomposes the increase in the energy consumption in factors such as production, efficiency, structural and crossover effects. It was the production growth which determined mostly the increase in the energy consumption of 43.9 million TOE(100%) over the period 1981 to 1996. If the industry structure and the energy effciency remained as were in 1981, the energy consumption would have increased at 56 million TOE(127.6%) from 1981 to 1996. The structural effect was very limited. It contributed about 0.45 million TOE(1%) to the increase in the energy consumption. There was hardly any structural change at the manufacturing sub-sectoral level. Furthermore, the efficiency effect was limited too. If the production level and the industry structure remained as were in 1981, the efficiency improvement would have caused a reduction of the energy consumption in the magnitude of 1.4 million TOE(-3.2%). Indeed, the overall energy intensity(energy efficiency) in the manufacturing sector decreased(increased) relatively little from 0.868(TOE/ 1 million Won at 1990 constant prices) in 1981 to 0.735 in 1996. A large efficiency improvement was registered in the cement(-40.2%), steel industry(-43.1%) and fabricated products including automobiles(-27.3%), while the chemical(+3.8%), textile(+77.9%) and wood industry(+34.7%) recorded a deterioration in the energy efficiency. This kind of analysis reveals some insight in the development of the energy efficiency(energy intensity) in the manufacturing sector. However, it has limitations to explain causes for the change in the energy efficiency, as data used on energy consumption is too aggregated. What were causes for the energy efficiency improvement in the steel industry from 3.573 TOE in 1981 to 2.031 TOE in 1996 to produce one ton of steel? For instance, technical improvements, changes in processes and good housekeeping can contribute to the reduction of energy consumption. As electric steel consumes substantially less energy than blast furnace steel, the larger the share of the electric steel in the total steel production the higher the energy efficiency. Furthermore, the more scrap is used to produce blast furnace steel the higher the energy efficiency. Therefore, it is essential to study the energy consumption(energy efficiency) at process and product level, e.g. to carry out bottom-up studies requiring de-tailed information systems such as German IKARUS(Instrumente fur Klimagas-Reduktionsstrategien = Instruments for the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions) and Dutch ICARUS(Information system on Conservation and Application of Resources Using a Sector approach) are of great interest. These systems are analysed in view of studying possibilities of their adapting to Korea. At the end, this paper proposes a concept to develop and generate a database for the use of nenrgy conservation and CO₂ mitigation policy analysis in Korea.

목차

1. 서

2. 제조업 에너지 소비구조

3. 에너지 소비 결정요인 분석

4. 에너지 정보시스템 개발 동향

5. 우리나라 에너지 통계시스템의 기본방향

6. 결어

참고문헌

Abstract