Neurophysiology of Vestibular Compensation

• 영문명: Neurophysiology of Vestibular Compensation
• 발행기관: 한국청각언어재활학회
• 저자명: 김진동
• 간행물 정보: 『Audiology and Speech Research』Audiology and Speech Research 제19권 제1호, 1~16쪽, 전체 16쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 교육학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2023.01.31

영문 초록

Vestibular compensation is the process by which patients achieve functional recovery after vestibular lesions, and can be divided into static compensation and dynamic compensation. The first stage, static static compensation, consists of eliminating static symptoms (i.e., spontaneous nystagmus and skew deviation) by rebalancing the tonic neural activity in the vestibular nuclei. The second stage, dynamic compensation is much more subtle, takes longer, and involves a central recalibration of the response properties of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) (i.e., timing and gain) in order to restore the compensatory actions of the VOR to pre-impairment levels. This review is to introduce the normal vestibular function in humans to understand the neurophysiology of vestibular compensation after vestibular lesions, and to review the effects of various types of lesions and the clinical findings in various stages of compensation after each type of lesion. Vestibular compensation is most effective for unilateral vestibular dysfunctions in which tonic neural activity of the vestibular nucleus is rebalanced to achieve static compensation. Adaptive changes in tonic neural activity occur in the normal vestibular pathways to achieve dynamic compensation. In other types of vestibular lesions, vestibular compensation is possible, but not as effective.

목차

INTRODUCTION

Vesti bular re spon ses to different types of head movements

Effect s of acute unilateral vestibular lesions

Effect s of acute bilateral vestibular lesions

Effect s of acute central vestibular lesions

Neural basis of vestibular compensation

Compensation after unilateral vestibular lesion

Prior to the onset of lesion

Immediately after the onset of lesion

Cerebellar clamping stage

Neural activity at the vestibular nuclei of the affected side

Static compensation

Dynamic compensation

Compensation after vertical canal and otolithlesions

Compensation after bilateral vestibular lesions

Compensation after central vestibular lesions

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

키워드

동적 보상 정적 보상 일측성 전정기능 저하 전정 보상 Dynamic compensation Static compensation Unilateral vestibular dysfunctions Vestibular compensation