论新《公司法》中的董事无因解任及赔偿制度

• 영문명: On Directors’ Dismissal Without Cause and Compensation System in the New Company Law
• 발행기관: YIXIN 출판사
• 저자명: 赖虹宇(Hongyu Lai) 孙文琦(Wenqi Sun)
• 간행물 정보: 『Journal of east Asian law studies』제1권 제1호, 17~29쪽, 전체 13쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 교육학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2024.06.30

국문 초록

The new Company Law formally establishes the legal framework for the dismissal of directors without cause and for their indemnification, reflecting a value-oriented approach that prioritizes the protection of shareholders’ rights and interests and clarifies the relationship between directors and the company. However, the current regulations exhibit logical inconsistencies and it is uncertain whether they will effectively safeguard shareholders' rights in the context of Chinese corporate practices. This analysis deconstructs the existing rules and offers theoretical insights into four key elements: the premature termination of a director’s tenure, shareholder meeting resolutions, dismissals without justifiable reasons, and directors’ demands for company compensation.In line with the legislation’s purpose and value orientation, and considering the specifics of internal governance and corporate practice in China, modifications and enhancements to the system are suggested. Procedurally, it is crucial to protect directors’ rights to information, statement, and defense. Substantively, options to exempt the company from this system should be explored, and the definition of “without justifiable reason” should be narrowed. Moreover, in keeping with China's business practices, it is vital to uphold the rights of dismissed directors. These recommendations aim to optimize the business environment, protect investors’ rights and interests, and ensure the effective operation of internal governance under the new Company Law.

영문 초록

新《公司法》于法律层面正式确立董事无因解任及赔偿制度，体现了其保护股东权益的价值面向，有助于理清董事与公司之间的关系。然而该制度的现行规则仍然存在逻辑矛盾，并且结合中国公司实践来看，是否能达到保护股东权益的目的还有待观察。从现行规则进行拆解分析，对于董事任期届满前、股东会做出决议、罢免董事无正当理由以及董事要求公司赔偿四个要素做出理论反思，并结合立法目的及价值取向，考虑到公司内部治理的要求，以及中国公司实践的特殊性，对董事无因解任及赔偿制度提出了限制或补充的建议，例如在程序方面需要保障董事的知情权、陈述申辩的权利等；在实体方面，提出允许公司排除适用、限定“无正当理由”的范围等建议；最后结合中国商事实践，提出对被解任董事的权利保障措施。以上种种均是为了实现新《公司法》优化营商环境、保护投资者权益的目的，并且兼顾公司内部治理能够有效运转而做出的设定。

목차

Ⅰ.引言

Ⅱ.董事无因解任及赔偿制度的变革动因

Ⅲ.董事无因解任及赔偿制度的要件反思

Ⅳ.董事无因解任及赔偿制度的规范补充

Ⅴ.结语

키워드

Dismissal of directors without cause Liability for compensation Protection of shareholders’ rights Corporate governance 董事无因解任 赔偿责任 股东权利保护 公司治理