소년예고범죄 예방을 위한 형사정책적 개선방안에 관한 연구

• 영문명: A Study on the Improvement of Criminal Policy for Prevention of Juvenile Prevention Crime
• 발행기관: 한국공안행정학회
• 저자명: 김봉수(Bong-Soo Kim)
• 간행물 정보: 『한국공안행정학회보』제33권 1호, 35~58쪽, 전체 24쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 행정학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2024.03.30

국문 초록

2023년 서현역 사건이후 형사사법기관들에서는 범죄억제, 경찰의 범죄대응역량 향상, 범죄피해자 지원, 정신질환자 지원 확대 등 다양한 대책을 발표하였고, 법무부는 민사법상 불법행위에 대해서는 형사처벌과 별도로 민사상 손해배상청구소송을 적극 하겠다고 예고하였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 ‘살인예고’ 글이 꾸준히 게시되었고, 검거된 피의자의 52.3%는 미성년자로 밝혀지면서 우리 사회의 모방범죄에 대한 문제점이 다시 대두되기 시작하였다. 예고범죄는 허위신고로 인하여 경찰이 출동함에 따라 사회적 불안을 야기시키고, 치안 및 행정력을 낭비함과 동시에 실제 필요한 범죄예방에 경찰이 투입될 수 없게 됨에 따라 공권력의 막강한 피해를 노출시킨다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 우리 사회의 예고범죄의 의의와 현황을 살펴보고, 소년들의 예고범죄의 형사정책적 문제점으로 첫째, 소년예고범죄 예방을 위한 공중협박 행위에 관한 처벌규정, 둘째, 범죄예방을 위한 사회구조적 문제점, 셋째, 국민보호와 공공안전을 위한 테러방지법 적용의 어려움, 넷째, ‘예고범죄’와 ‘범죄예고’의 구별에 대한 문제점을 살펴보고 소년 예고범죄의 형사정책적 개선방안으로 첫째, 공중협박 행위에 관한 처벌 규정 입법화, 둘째, ‘궁중 보건 모형(Public Health Model)’을 활용한 ‘소년 예고범죄 예방 사전 검사지’ 개발, 셋째, 소년 예고범죄 예방을 위한 온라인 플랫폼상 전문 앱 개발, 넷째, 학교내 ‘Cyber 폴-프랜즈 지키미’ 동아리 활성화’ 제도 활성화를 제안해 보고자 한다.

영문 초록

According to a media article, the Ministry of Justice announced a “comprehensive countermeasure against juvenile crimes” in October last year and announced legislation to revise the Juvenile Act to lower the age limit for young people from the current age of 14 to the age of 13. Since then, the National Assembly has also issued a series of bills, including criminal penalties for violent crimes. However, amendments to the Juvenile Act have been pending in the National Assembly for nearly a year. This is in conflict with the opposition that it violates the human rights of juvenile offenders and that it is difficult to expect the effect of preventing crime. In October last year, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea expressed opposition, saying that the lowering of the age of young people is contrary to the perspective of returning and recovering boys required by the UN (United Nations) international human rights standards and is not desirable as an alternative to crime prevention and recidivism. In response, the Ministry of Justice said, “Even if the age standard for juvenile is lowered, minor juvenile crimes will be sent to the juvenile department as they are now,” and explained, “Even if it is actually legislated, only violent crimes such as rape and robbery will be punished,” but it has not even been discussed. Some say that the degree of development of teenagers has increased compared to the past due to access to media, and that discussions on countermeasures should be made quickly. As we saw earlier, many of the posts were confirmed to be the work of teenagers, and the desire to be recognized as heroes within a group that mainly feels friendly as an online meme seeking stimulation and fun and a trend was revealed. This is very similar to terrorism in that socially isolated criminals carry out indiscriminate attacks against an unspecified number of people as an expression of anger toward others. Recently, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and the National Police Agency held a meeting of related organizations to strengthen the response to the crime of abnormal motives (aka 'don't ask'). The meeting was prepared to discover additional measures and seek ways to strengthen cooperation with related ministries, recognizing that the public's anxiety is high due to a series of abnormal motive crimes such as the recent deadly weapon rampage, and to share measures to respond to abnormal motive crimes by each ministry, gather opinions on ways to cooperate and support the Ministry of Public Administration and Security, and discuss issues such as expanding crime prevention infrastructure such as security cameras (CCTV), expanding joint response models for mentally ill people, and supporting autonomous crime prevention activities. Boys' pre-announcement crimes are not yesterday or today because they have caused difficulties in their work in the past due to indiscriminate prank calls by investigative agencies. However, it seems that crime of don't ask and crime of abnormal motivation, which is not just a prank phone call, should no longer be ignored in our society.

목차

Ⅰ. 서 론

Ⅱ. 소년예고범죄의 개념 및 현황

Ⅲ. 소년예고범죄의 형사정책적 문제점과 개선방안

Ⅳ. 결 론

키워드

예고범죄 범죄억제 형사정책 사회통제이론 공중보건모형 Pre-war crime crime control criminal policy social control theory Public Health Model