[고고학 논단] 남부 래반트(Levant)지역 동굴묘 출토 납골관(Ossuary)의 분포와 성격

• 발행기관: 한국성서고고학회
• 저자명: 이헌재(Hoen Jai Lee)
• 간행물 정보: 『성경과 고고학』제118호, 44~96쪽, 전체 53쪽
• 주제분류: 인문학 > 기독교신학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2023.12.29

영문 초록

As a result of analyzing the ossuary excavated from cave tombs of the Chalcolitic in the southern Levant, we can draw several conclusions as follows. First, the types of ossuary are largely classified according to their shape: box-shaped is Type I, human and animal- shaped is Type II, house-shaped is Type III, and jar-shaped is Type IV. Second, the distribution of ossuary from cave tombs concentrated only on the western side of the Jordan River, and this regions is an area where the Israelites mainly lived, therefore, cave tombs and rock-cut tombs was a traditional grave custom for the Israelites. Third, the religious concept of life rebirth is the same in that human and animal- shaped ossuary excavated in East Asia transcended time and region and used them as a ritual for death. Fourth, the ossuary of the human and animals-shaped excavated from the southern Levant were made very similar to the shapes of the pottery of ceremony excavated from the late Neolithic period from the northern Mesopotamia. Fifth, secondary burial is a universal funeral ritual that has spread from the Late Paleolithic Age to modern times throughout West Asia, the Mediterranean coast, East Asia, Africa, and North America. Sixth, the purpose of the secondary burial is to allow the spirit of the dead to leave the underworld, free the dead's relatives from the burden of mourning, and at the same time maintain the bonds of community and family. Seventh, the reason why ossuary from chalcolithic in the southern Levant were buried in cave tombs is because the cave symbolizes the mother's womb and the ossuary symbolizes “the birth and rebirth of life.” Ossuary were created with the intention of “resurrecting the dead” through secondary burial. The ossuary and secondary funeral customs excavated from cave tombs during the chalcolithic in the Southern Levant are a tradition that has transcended time and region and continued into the modern due to humanity's faith in the hope for the rebirth of life. In the future, there remains a task to specifically study how Israel's ossuary culture is inherited and spread in each region. If it is established whether the ossuary was inherited through formal changes over time, the process of diffusion of funerary culture in the Levant and the migration of peoples will be clearly revealed.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말

Ⅱ. 남부 래반트(Levant)지역 동굴묘 출토 납골관의 분포

Ⅲ. 남부 래반트(Levant)지역 동굴묘 출토 납골관의 성격

Ⅳ. 맺음말