21세기 지방자치(행정)의 현대적 경향

• 영문명: Contemporary Trends in Local Autonomy (Administration) in the 21st Century: A Comparative Study between the United States and France
• 발행기관: 한국비교정부학회
• 저자명: 최진혁
• 간행물 정보: 『한국비교정부학보』제26권 제4호, 91~120쪽, 전체 30쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 행정학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2022.12.31

영문 초록

(Purpose) This study tried to diagnose the trend of local autonomy in the 21st century by comparing and analyzing the origins and progress of the local autonomy system in the United States and France. (Design/methodology/approach) Therefore, the analysis frame of the local autonomy administrative systems of the two countries was used as a frame of reference(Historical background, State(Etat)-Local Relations, Relationship between local government and residents, Structure and function of local government system) for comparative analysis to derive its characteristic explanation. (Findings) In brief, the flow of local autonomy(administration) in the two countries in the 21st century appeared as decentralization as a reform of local government. In the United States, the basic framework of the state government's autonomy and decentralization system, in particular, the Home Rule Act of local governments made it possible for local authority to be operated while respecting the diversity and specificity of the region. In addition, the direct democracy system, in which resident participation was actively developed, functioned as an institutional device to complement representative democracy. On the other hand, France, unlike the United States, led a uniform and unified powerful centralized state after the French Revolution to 'Jacobinisme' and 'Napoléonisme'(although of course writing the history of decentralization and centralization ups and downs), finally Decentralization policy was developed with the Socialist Party government of François Mitterand. (Research implications or Originality) In the case of the United States, in terms of federal and state government relations, it is a “state (separation) and federal democracy harmony model derived from Jeffersonism and Hamiltonism”, which harmonizes both sides. Based on Dillon's rule, it can be pictured as a form of local autonomy that has an advantage over residents' autonomy dominated by Cooly's rule. On the other hand, in France, since the Mitterrand government, both left and right governments have continued to lead decentralization reform, but in the end, it is trying to promote decentralization in a single state-centered, strong centralized framework. It can be interpreted as “hybrid local autonomy” that seeks a new balance point between the central and local government according to the Jacobinisme appriviosé(Tamed Jacobinism).

목차

I. 서론

II. 미국과 프랑스의 지방민주주의(지방자치)에 관한 이론적 배경

III. 미국과 프랑스의 지방민주주의(지방자치제)의 진전변화

IV. 결론

References

키워드

지방정부개혁 지방분권 직접민주주의 연방주의 분리주의 제퍼슨주의와 해밀톤주의의 조화 딜론의 원칙 쿨리의 원칙 순화된 자코방주의 하이브리드(혼합)지방자치 local government reform decentralization direct democracy federalism separatism Jeffersonian and Hamiltonian harmony Dillon's rule Cooley's rule Jacobinisme appriviosé(tamed Jacobanism) hybrid local autonomy