제주 관련 표해록에 나타난 해양 인식

• 영문명: Maritime Awareness in the Sea Drift Records Related to Jeju Island
• 발행기관: 제주학회
• 저자명: 윤치부(Chi-boo Yoon)
• 간행물 정보: 『제주학회 학술대회발표 논문집』제주학회 2017년 제46차 전국학술대회 발표집, 201~227쪽, 전체 27쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 지역학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2017.10.17

영문 초록

Ancient records on wreckage that took place in the seas off the coast of Jeju (the largest island off the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula) are found in many different publications. These books include individual essays (or The Pyohaerok in the collective term) by Choi Bu, Jang Han-cheol and Choi Du-chan, and history books such as The Goryeosa (also known as The Annals of the Goryeo Dynasty, a history book of Goryeo, a Korean medieval kingdom established in A.D. 918) and The Joseon Wangjo Sillok (also known as The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty or The True Record of the Joseon Dynasty, a history book of Joseon, a Korean dynastic kingdom established in A.D. 1392), as well as collections of journals, including The Tamna Mungyeonnok by Jeong Un-gyeong (a travel journal from the Joseon era) and The Jiyeongnok by Yi Ik-tae (an official journal by Yi Ik-tae, former Jeju Governor from the Joseon era). Unlike the sporadic comments on wreckage-related events in the Goryeo era, descriptions on similar occasions were more frequently recorded in the documents from the Joseon dynasty. The spatial background ranged from China and Japan to farther places such as Taiwan, Okinawa, Vietnam, and Cambodia. Reviewing the above-mentioned historic cases will lead to the understanding that people had inevitably recognized the seas of Jeju for their significance as sites where wreckage occurred since ancient times. Evidently, wreckage was closely related to the increased sea travel between Jeju (with its distinctive feature of geographic isolation) and the mainland. To comprehend how people viewed the sea in the ancient times, this paper explores their viewpoints from seven different perspectives: the conceptual size of the sea; the winds and waves of Jeju’s seas; the people that went adrift in the seas of Jeju; maritime knowledge in ancient times; belief in Yongshin (an imaginary sea creature resembling a dragon that was traditionally worshiped as a god); ideas about whales; and taboos related to sailing. Some of the records connoted the immeasurable size of the sea in general, describing its vertical length from the north to the south as Juae Cheonheo and the horizontal one from the east to the west as Seongmok Yusa. On the other hand, another record mentioned Zhang Jian’s Journey from the Han dynasty of China, which assumed flatness of the earth. The folktale describes Zhang’s journey in which he allegedly traveled to some of the countries located far west of China by the order of Emperor Wu of Han. According to the story, he sailed a raft for a seemingly endless voyage to the uppermost stream of the Yellow River (or Huang He). Finally reaching the Milky Way, he met Gyeonu (Niu Lang in Chinese) and Jingnyeo (Zhi Nu in Chinese). Gyeonu and Jingnyeo are the couple from the Northeast Asian folktale titled The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. Zhang Jian’s Journey says that he returned with Jigiseok (Zhi Ji Shi in Chinese, referring to the stone known to be used by Zhi Nu to fix her loom) from the Milky Way. When it comes to the winds and waves of Jeju’s seas, the lunar equivalent to January brought heavy winds and high waves as recorded in the afore-mentioned books from the Goryeo and Joseon eras. It was suggested that the lunar equivalent to May, with its cool breeze called Bakchopung, was the best time for sailing because it had no strong winds, unlike those that blew in the lunar equivalent to February by the power of Yeongdeung (the shamanistic goddess of wind), nor the subsequent period of Jangma (the seasonal torrential rain). It was also stated that the winds and waves were extreme in the seas near Jeju due to the energy of the water, resulting from the local submarine topography of Jeju. According to the afore-mentioned records, Jeju’s waters contained peaks and valleys that stemmed from mountain ranges and rivers on Korea’s mainland.

목차

1. 머리말

2. 제주 관련 표해 자료 검토

3. 해양 인식의 층위

4. 맺음말

참고문헌