조직구성원의 여가만족이 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 미치는 영향

• 영문명: The Effect of Leisure Satisfaction on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment
• 발행기관: 한국인사관리학회
• 저자명: 이영면(Lee, Young Myon) 백승규(Paek, Seung Kyu)
• 간행물 정보: 『조직과 인사관리연구』조직과 인사관리연구 제34집 1권, 25~62쪽, 전체 38쪽
• 주제분류: 경제경영 > 경영학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 2010.03.30

국문 초록

본 연구는 대기업을 중심으로 확대되어가고 있는 ‘일과 생활의 균형(work-life balance)'을 강조하는 움직임에 따라 그 이론적 배경으로 여가만족이 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 실증적으로 분석하고자 한 논문이다. 이론적으로 직장생활과 직장을 떠난 일상생활간의 관계는 유출가설, 보완가설 및 분리가설 등으로 설명된다. 그러나 최근 기업들이 일과 생활의 균형을 강조하는 이유는 생활에서의 만족이 일에서의 만족으로 연결된다는 유출가설을 전 제하고 있다. 다만 기존의 해외연구를 보면 실증적으로 이러한 유출가설을 확실하게 증명하지는 못하고 있으며 일과 생활 간에 역의 관계를 가진다는 보완가설 및 서로 관계가 없다는 분리가설을 지지하는 연구결과가 발표되기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 이론적 주장 중에 기업의 일과 생활의 균형 노력을 지지하는 유출가설을 전제로 실증적인 분석을 시도하였다. 그 이유는 우리나라 기업들이 그 동안 조직 내의 직무수행과 그 성과만을 강조해 왔으나 최근에는 일과 생활간의 균형을 강조하면서 직무에 대한 성과를 강조하기 때문이다. 실증분석을 위해 한국노동연구원에서 시행하는 노동패널조사 제7차년도 자료를 이용하였으며 실제로 분석한 근로자수는 약 4천여 명이다. 실증분석 이전에 근로자의 평균적인 여가생활을 살펴보았다. 실증분석 결과 개인특성과 조직의 특성을 통제한 이후에도 여가활동에 대한 만족, 즉 여가만족이 직무만족과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향은 통계적으로 유의미한 정(+)의 관계를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 인과관계에 대해서는 확인한 것은 아니지만 현재 기업들을 중심으로 진행되고 있는 일과 생활의 균형노력이 근로자 개인에게는 여가를 포함한 일상생활에 대한 만족도를 제고하며, 그 결과 직무수행에서의 만족을 가져오고 궁극적으로 조직몰입도를 제고하여 기업의 경쟁력 강화에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 점을 시사하고 있다.

영문 초록

Globalized companies recently emphasize the importance of work-life balance. Why do the companies emphasize the work-life balance, which may hinder work performance by increasing leisure time, family time, and social activities for employees in these-day's competitive business environment? The question of this paper is whether the satisfaction on leisure of employees affect job satisfaction and organizational involvement. It is consistent and understandable argument of balancing work and life, if the leisure, which improve the balance between work and life, results in improving the levels of job satisfaction and organizational involvement. Theoretical approaches to the relationship between work and life are divided into three: spillover, compensation and segmentation. The spillover proposition presents a positive relationship between work and life while the compensation proposition negative. The segmentation argument presents no relationship between them. The data to test the proposition mentioned above is collected by Korea Labor Institute in 2006. The sample is composed of 3,992 wage-earning individuals in 2005. The percentage of females is 36.5% while the average of age is 38.8 years. The ratio of regular workers is 75% while the average monthly wage is 1,620 thousand won. The data also show the typical life of average Korean workers. The 24 hours on week day is composed as follows: 8.58 hours for individual rest and washing time; 5.47 hours for work; 2.18 hours for cooking and chores; 1.46 hours for study and individual development; 1.32 hours for social life; 3.99 hours for leisure and others. On Saturday, working hours is decreased and all the other activities including leisure increased. Time for leisure is increased from 3.99 to 4.67 hours on Saturday. On Sunday, working hours is reduced to 1.59 and hours for leisure activities is increased to 5.41. The leisure activities include tours, sports, entertainment, and social life. On average, only 12.1 percent of the sample had time for tour on average week while 23.1 percent of the sample had sports activities. Those who had a tour activity spent 21.78 hours on average. Those who had sports activities spent 6.85 hours on average week. For entertainment activities including internet games, 20.7 percent of the sample had 9.14 hours of entertainment activities on average week. Meanwhile 35.5 percent of the sample spent 7.80 hours to social activities on average week. Regarding the satisfaction level on life in general, the average value on family income was 2.76 out of 5; leisure activities 2.95; living conditions 3.24; family relationship 3.61; relative relationship 3.42; and social relationship 3.41. Satisfaction level to overall life was 3.26 out of 5 point scale. The satisfaction level towards leisure activities was second to last among sis categories on life. The 2.95 of leisure activities satisfaction level was below 3 which is in the middle of 5 point scale means the negative perception toward leisure activities. The average of job satisfaction of these sample workers was 3.10 out of 5 point scales while the level of organizational commitment was about 3.2 based on 5 questionnaires. Among the 9 facets of job satisfaction, satisfaction towards the wages was 2.71 and the lowest while satisfaction on job itself was 3.26 and highest. The level of organizational commitment of 3,975 workers in Korea was 3.20 out of 5 point Likert-type scales. To test the propositions mentioned above two regression analyses were done for those over 3,900 workers. First, the leisure satisfaction was significantly correlated with job satisfaction regardless of job satisfaction measures: general and 9 facet based job satisfaction. This results supports the proposition of positive relationship between leisure satisfaction and job satisfaction.

목차

Ⅰ. 서 론

Ⅱ. 일과 여가에 대한 선행 연구

III. 여가활동과 실증분석

Ⅳ. 연구의 시사점 및 추후 과제

키워드

일 여가 여가만족 직무만족 조직몰입 Work Life Work-life Balance Leisure Satisfaction Job Satisfaction Organizational Commitment