女性ㆍ實存ㆍ他者 : 實存哲學의 他者槪念과 現代 女性學

• 영문명: Existentialism and Contemporary Feminism
• 발행기관: 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원
• 저자명: 신옥희(Shin Ock Hee)
• 간행물 정보: 『여성학논집』제4집, 7~61쪽, 전체 55쪽
• 주제분류: 사회과학 > 여성학
• 파일형태: PDF
• 발행일자: 1987.12.01

영문 초록

The main task of this paper is to examine the possibilities of existential philosophy to make theoretical contribution for the formation of feminist theory in the West as well as in the East. In this paper, relation between existential philosophy and feminist theory will be investigated, centering on the problem of the self and the other. As a prelude to the study of relation between existentialism and feminist theory, existentialistic views on the problem of the self and the other are briefly introduced in the Second Chapter of this paper. In this chapter, Sartre's notion of "being-for-others" (le pour-autrui), Martin Buber's doctrine of "I-Thou relation," and Karl Jaspers' theory of "existential communication" are briefly treated. In the third chapter, relationship between existentialism and contemporary feminist theory is investigated : in the first section, relationship between Jean Paul Sartre's existential philosophy and Simone de Beauvoir's feminist theory ; in the second section, relation between Martin Buber's philosophy and Mary Daly's theory of women's liberation ; and in the third section, prospect of possible contributions of existential philosophy to the future formation of feminist theory in Korea. The importance and validity of existential philosophy for the formation of contemporary feminist theories became manifest already through the famous works of Simone de Beauvoir and Mary Daly in the field of contemporary women's studies. Simone de Beauvoir's feminism in The Second Sex is developed in the frame-work of Sartre's existential philosophy, and Mary Daly's Beyond God the Father is based upon Martin Buber's existential philosophy of I-Thou relation. Simone de Beauvoir has opened a new possibility of more fundamental and more holistic approach to women's studies through her creative use of Sartre's philosophical categories for the analysis of social and cultural phenomena of female oppression. Beauvoir describes unfree and tragic life situation of women, who cannot but live as passive and dependent "being-in-itself" (1'en-soi), inspite of their awareness of themselves as free and creative "being-for-itself" (le pour-soi). On the basis of Sartre's theory of being-for-others (le pour-autrui), Beauvoir conceives the relation between men and women as that of conflict and opposition. The basic task of Beauvoir's feminist theory is to awaken women's authentic self-awareness as active and independent Pour-soi, destroying women's self-deceptions (mauvaise foi) and self alienation, caused by the inevitable and unbearable situation of inner and outer conflict. The second birth of women as free and autonomous "being-for-itself" (le pour-soi) is Alpha and Omega of Beauvoir's feminist thought. Beauvoir expects that tragic opposition and conflict between women and men will be resolved, when women are born again as active and autonomous beings. However, Beauvoir does not present any positive views about how women can carry out active self-transformation in the sexist social environment, and how conflict situations between women and men can be overcome. In other words, Beauvoir's feminist theory put stress only on the necessity of self-awakening of women's consciousness as free and autonomous subjects, without showing any positive vision of a new mode of human relation that can stand together with women's free subjectivity as Pour-soi. Mary Daly's theory of women's liberation adopts Martin Buber's Judaistic religious existentialism as its theoretical foundation. On the basis of Buber's existential philosophy, Daly asserts that the main task of women's liberation movement is nothing else but realization in this world of pure I-Thou relationship between women and men. For Mary Daly women's liberation must proceed beyond the preliminary negative stage of iconoclasm and exorcism to the more developed stage of positive actions against social realities, which dehumanize and fragmentize women's personality. Da

목차

Ⅰ. 序論

Ⅱ. 實存과 他者 : 實存哲學의 他者槪念

Ⅲ. 女性과 他者 : 實存哲學의 他者觀과 現代 女性學

Ⅳ. 結論

참고문헌

Abstract